Logical Proof Against the Divine Authorship of the Quran

Premise 1: A divine book must be free from contradictions and logical fallacies.

✅ If a book is truly divine, it must reflect the nature of an all-knowing, perfect God:

• It must be internally consistent (no contradictions).
• It must be logically sound (no fallacies).
• It must be free from errors that indicate human limitations.

🔹 Quran 4:82 sets this standard:

“Do they not then ponder on the Quran? Had it been from other than Allah, they would have found in it many contradictions.”

✔ The Quran itself claims that contradictions would disprove divine origin.
✔ Thus, if contradictions exist, the Quran fails its own test and is not divine.

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Premise 2: The Quran contains contradictions and logical fallacies.

✅ Evidence of Contradictions in the Quran:
Below are clear contradictions that directly violate 4:82.

1. Contradiction: How was man created?

• Surah 96:2 – "Created man from a clot (of congealed blood)."
• Surah 15:26 – "And indeed, We created man from sounding clay..."
• Surah 21:30 – "We made from water every living thing."

❌ Problem: Which is it? Blood clot, clay, or water? If all three are correct, why does the Quran never state a coherent synthesis? This is internal inconsistency.

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2. Contradiction: Can all sins be forgiven?

• Surah 39:53 – “Indeed, Allah forgives all sins…”
• Surah 4:48 – “Indeed, Allah does not forgive associating partners (shirk) with Him, but He forgives anything else for whom He wills.”

❌ Problem:

• One verse says all sins can be forgiven.
• Another verse excludes shirk from forgiveness.
• If "all" means all, then 4:48 contradicts it. If "all" means "some," then 39:53 is misleading.

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3. Contradiction: Who was the first Muslim?

• Surah 6:14 – Muhammad says: “I am commanded to be the first to submit (أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ).”
• Surah 7:143 – Moses says: “I am the first of the believers.”
• Surah 2:132 – Abraham and Jacob say: “We have submitted to Allah.”

❌ Problem:

• If Muhammad was the first Muslim, then Moses and Abraham could not have been.
• If Moses or Abraham were the first, then Muhammad's claim in 6:14 is false.

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4. Contradiction: Will intercession be allowed on Judgment Day?

• Surah 20:109 – "On that day, no intercession will benefit anyone except those whom Allah allows..."
• Surah 2:255 (Ayat al-Kursi) – "Who is it that shall intercede with Him except with His permission?"
• Surah 74:48 – "So the intercession of intercessors will not benefit them."

❌ Problem:

• 20:109 & 2:255 say intercession is possible.
• 74:48 says no intercession is possible.
• Either intercession exists or it does not—it cannot be both.

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✅ Evidence of Logical Fallacies in the Quran:
Below are clear logical fallacies that indicate human reasoning.

1. False Dilemma (Black-and-White Fallacy) – Surah 4:82

“Had it been from other than Allah, they would have found in it many contradictions.”

❌ Problem:

• This assumes only two possibilities:
  1. The Quran is from Allah (and has no contradictions).
  2. Any non-divine book must have contradictions.
• False dilemma: A human book can be free from contradictions (e.g., logic textbooks).

💡 If the Quran being contradiction-free proves divinity, then does a contradiction-free math book prove it is divine?

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2. Circular Reasoning – Surah 4:82

• Claim: "The Quran is from Allah because it has no contradictions."
• Hidden Assumption: "Only divine books can be free of contradictions."
• Conclusion: "Therefore, the Quran is from Allah."

❌ Problem:

• This assumes what it’s trying to prove.
• The Quran cannot prove itself by declaring its own truthfulness.

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3. Affirming the Consequent (Invalid Logic)

• Premise 1: If the Quran were from a human, it would have contradictions.
• Premise 2: The Quran has no contradictions (asserted).
• Conclusion: Therefore, the Quran is from Allah.

❌ Problem:

• This is an invalid logical structure.
• Just because a book has no contradictions does not mean it is divine.

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4. No True Scotsman Fallacy

• Whenever a contradiction is found, Muslims say:
  • "You're misinterpreting it!"
  • "It's a miracle in Arabic!"
  • "It's metaphorical!"

❌ Problem:

• No matter how clear a contradiction is, it is always reinterpreted to "not really be a contradiction."
• This is unfalsifiable—no contradiction is ever accepted as valid.

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Premise 3: If a book contains contradictions and logical fallacies, it is not divine.

✅ A perfect God would not make logical errors.
✅ A perfect God would not produce contradictions.
✅ A perfect God would create a book that is self-evidently divine, not one that needs reinterpretation to remove errors.

❌ The Quran contains both contradictions and logical fallacies → It is not divine.

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Conclusion: The Quran Fails Its Own Test (4:82)

• If contradictions exist, then by 4:82, the Quran is not from Allah.
• Contradictions and logical fallacies both exist.
• Therefore, the Quran is not from Allah.

👉 This argument is airtight.